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Artistic Swimming

Synchronized swimming, now commonly called artistic swimming internationally, is an aquatics discipline with music, figures, routines, breath control and team synchronisation. It is not a l…

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Ashtanga Yoga

Ashtanga yoga is a dynamic yoga style with more fixed sequences and vinyasa linking of movement and breath. The entry remains mind-body training, not a standardised competitive sport.

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Association Croquet

Association croquet is the classic tactical croquet discipline played on a lawn with six hoops, a centre peg and four balls. Blue/Black play against Red/Yellow; the goal is to take both bal…

Pschemp · CC BY-SA 3.0

Athletics

Athletics is an athletics discipline in which time, distance, height, length, or endurance is measured. At its core, the objective is the fastest time, greatest height/distance, or highest…

Erik van Leeuwen · GFDL

Atlatl Throwing

Atlatl throwing uses an atlatl as a lever to throw darts in target or distance formats. Modern competition is especially documented through World Atlatl Association and ISAC rules, scorecar…

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Australian Football

Australian football is a physical football code played on an oval field. Teams move an oval ball through kicks, marks, handballs, leads and tackles; goals and behinds decide the score.

Anke from Brisbane, Australia · CC BY 2.0

Australian Handball

Australian handball is an Australian schoolyard and recreational game on a hard surface with squares, lines and a bouncy ball. Players strike the ball with the hand so it bounces in their o…

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Auto Race

Auto Race is a Japanese motorcycle oval-racing sport with eight specialised motorcycles on a 500-metre asphalt oval. Handicap starts, trial runs, short races and a strong spectator/betting…

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Auto Racing

Auto racing is the broad automobile-racing context for cars on circuits, road courses, rally, hill-climb, oval, drag or off-road formats. Depending on discipline, scoring uses time, placing…

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Autoball

Autoball is a motorsport/show-game variant in which vehicles move a large ball into goals on a closed field. The entry remains catalog-sourced because formats and organisation are strongly…

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Autocross

Autocross is motorsport against the clock on a short, clearly marked course. In the SCCA Solo context the course is often laid out with cones on a parking lot or airfield; in the FIA contex…

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Autograss

Autograss is a UK/Ireland-adjacent club motorsport on grass or dirt ovals with class-based cars. Entry runs through local clubs, rulebook, licence, scrutineering and the right vehicle class.

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Autospeedway

Autospeedway is regional stockcar/hotrod oval racing, especially in Dutch club and track contexts. Classes, contact rules, points and vehicle technology differ by organiser and track.

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Axe Throwing

Axe throwing is a target-throwing sport in which players throw rule-compliant axes at wooden targets in secured lanes. Scoring depends on where the axe sticks; modern competition uses disci…

Kurt Kaiser · CC0 1.0

Ba Game

Ba Game is a traditional mass-football game in Kirkwall, Orkney. Uppies and Doonies move a handmade leather ball through the streets to their respective goals; player count, duration and fl…

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Backgammon

Backgammon is a two-player board game in which each side moves 15 checkers by dice rolls into its home board and then bears them off. Strategy, probability, hitting, blocking, pip count and…

Donald Olszewski · CC BY 4.0

Backstroke

Backstroke is a swimming discipline in which athletes race a set pool distance on their back. Body position, alternating arm pull, kick, in-water start, legal turns and finish decide perfor…

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Backyard Ultra

Backyard ultra is a last-one-standing ultrarunning format: every hour a 4 miles 880 feet / 6.7056 km yard starts. Runners who do not finish in time or are not in the corral at the bell are…

Kalendar · CC BY-SA 4.0

Badminton

Badminton is a fast racket sport with racket and shuttlecock on a net court. It is played as singles or doubles; points are won when the shuttle lands legally in the opponent's court or the…

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Bagatelle

Bagatelle is a historic table and cue game with balls, numbered cups and regional variants. It sits close to billiards, bar billiards and early pinball forms; no unified modern world federa…

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Bahnengolf

Bahnengolf is the sporting umbrella for minigolf systems on standardised lanes. The aim is to play the ball from the tee through obstacles into the target in as few strokes as possible; lin…

Andre Carrotflower · CC BY-SA 4.0

Balance Beam

Balance beam is the beam apparatus in women's artistic gymnastics. On a narrow beam, gymnasts perform mount, leaps, turns, acrobatic elements, holds and dismount; difficulty, execution and…

Pierre-Yves Beaudouin · CC BY-SA 4.0

Balkline

Balkline is a family of carom billiards games on a pocketless table with three balls. Lines divide the table into balk spaces; when both object balls are in such a space, only a limited num…

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Ball Badminton

Ball badminton is an Indian racket game played with rackets, a net and a woollen ball. It is mainly played as fives with five players per side, alongside singles, doubles and mixed formats;…

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Ball Hockey

Ball hockey is a street/ice-hockey-adjacent team sport on a dry solid surface. It is played on foot with hockey sticks, a low-bounce ball and goals; organised formats use rink markings, a g…

Solomanium · CC0 1.0

Ballet Competition

Ballet competition is a stage and dance contest in which classical technique, variation/repertoire, musicality, execution and presence are evaluated under organiser rules. Rules are event-d…

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Ballonspiel

Ballonspiel is treated in the catalogue as a source-thin historical ball-game context close to pallone / pallone col bracciale. Sources document Italian pallone and bracciale forms with sfe…

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Ballooning

Ballooning is air sport with balloons where wind reading, navigation, tasks, target markers, logger/GPS, crew work and safe launch/landing planning are decisive. In German-language contexts…

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Bandy

Bandy is a fast ice team ball sport: eleven-a-side teams play on a large ice field with skates, curved sticks and a ball toward goals. Bandy belongs to the hockey/stick-and-ball family on i…

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Banger Racing

Banger racing is regional short-oval motorsport with prepared production cars. Heats and finals, class-dependent contact rules, scrutineering and track/promoter safety rules are central.

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Bank Pool

Bank pool is a pool-billiards variant in which object balls are called and played off one or more cushions into pockets. Angles, speed, call, safety play and rack format decide under the ru…

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Banquine

Banquine is group acrobatics without fixed apparatus: pushers/bases create take-off and flight path while flyers are thrown, caught or passed to other groups. Training needs mats, coach, ro…

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Bar Billiards

Bar billiards is a pub billiards game on a specialist table without rail pockets, but with holes in the playing surface and pins/skittles as risk. Points come from potted balls; certain pin…

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Bare-knuckle boxing

Bare-knuckle boxing is regulated full-contact boxing without boxing gloves. Modern rules define limited hand wraps, rounds, ring setup, legal strikes, clinch phases, protective equipment an…

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Bareback bronc riding

Bareback bronc riding is a rodeo roughstock event in which a rider uses one hand on a rigging, without a saddle, to make a qualified ride on a bucking horse. Judges score both rider perform…

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Barefoot Water Skiing

Barefoot water skiing is a towed waterski discipline in which athletes plane across the water on their feet without skis. Competition includes slalom/wake-crossing, trick and jump forms; be…

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Barlauf

Barlauf is a traditional team game without a ball. Two groups start behind opposite base lines; points are scored through tagging, rescuing prisoners and through-runs. Because modern federa…

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Barre Fitness

Barre fitness is a low-impact studio and group-fitness method using ballet-inspired positions, Pilates/strength endurance, small movements, core work and mobility. It is not a uniformly reg…

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Barrel Racing

Barrel racing is a mounted timed event in which horse and rider complete a cloverleaf pattern around three barrels as fast as possible without penalties. Time, line choice, control and pena…

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BASE Jumping

BASE jumping is high-risk parachuting from fixed objects: building, antenna, span or earth. It is not a normal beginner air sport: skydiving experience, mentoring, site permission, wind/obj…

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Baseball

Baseball is a ball or target-game sport in which points, goals, hits, or sets decide competition. At its core, the sport is about score more runs than the opponent by advancing around bases…

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Basketball

Basketball is a winter or snow sport in which speed, technique, precision, or execution is evaluated. At its core, the sport is about score more points than the opposing team. Participation…

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Basque Pelota

Basque pelota is a traditional wall-ball sport family played on fronton and trinquet courts. Depending on modality, the ball is played with the hand, pala/paleta, xare or cesta; the aim is…

Pixelillo · CC BY-SA 4.0

Basse

Basse is a Norwegian circle ball game in which several players each defend their own circle. The small bag ball must not land in your own circle; hands are not allowed, and minus points com…

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Bat-and-Trap

Bat and trap is a Kent pub/bat-and-ball game using a mechanical trap, bat, ball and target/pitch logic. The East Kent Friendly Bat & Trap League and rules sources document local organisatio…

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Baton Twirling

Baton twirling combines baton technique, dance, body work and music. In solo, pair and team routines, spins, aerials/tosses, rolls, contact material, precision, expression and execution are…

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Beach Basketball

Beach basketball is a basketball variant played on sand. Depending on the regional ruleset it uses small teams, adapted dribbling or passing, one or two hoops and short event formats.

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Beach Flags

Beach flags is a surf lifesaving beach event: athletes start prone in the sand, turn on the signal and sprint toward fewer batons than competitors. Those without a baton are eliminated unti…

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Beach Golf

Beach golf is an informal golf variant on sand or beaches. Instead of a standard 18-hole setup, it focuses on short target holes, soft safe specialist balls, existing beach obstacles and an…

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Beach Handball

Beach handball is the sand-court version of handball: teams play 4 versus 4 on a beach court, with fast attacks, goalkeeper substitutions, spin or in-flight goals and shootouts shaping comp…

Marcus Cyron · CC BY-SA 3.0

Beach Netball

Beach netball is a sand-court netball variant with smaller teams, short playing times and regionally adapted rules. Often there are no fixed positional thirds as in standard netball; all pl…

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Beach polo

Beach polo is a sand-arena variant of polo with boards around a compact field. Teams usually play three against three on horseback with mallets and a ball; the format is tied to arena-polo/…

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Beach Rugby

Beach rugby is a compact rugby format on sand, often played as Beach Fives with a maximum of five players per team on the field. Unlike 15-a-side rugby, it focuses on short attacks, tries,…

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Beach Sambo

Beach sambo is a FIAS sambo variant on sand. Athletes contest short throwing and gripping bouts with beach sambo uniform and belt; legal actions, control, cautions and bout result decide un…

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Beach Soccer

Beach soccer is football on sand with five players including the goalkeeper, rolling substitutions and three 12-minute periods. It is played barefoot or with permitted protection on a sand…

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Beach Tennis

Beach tennis is a racket game on sand, usually played as doubles. Players use stringless paddles and low-compression balls; the ball is volleyed over a high net and must not touch the sand.

C Vincicius · CC BY-SA 3.0

Beach Volleyball

Beach volleyball is volleyball on sand, with 2 versus 2 as the standard format. Both players stay in play, there are no substitutions, every rally scores a point and each pair must solve co…

John Loo from Sunnyvale, USA · CC BY 2.0

Beach water polo

Beach water polo is the compact format now governed by World Aquatics as Water Polo 4x4. Four players including the goalkeeper are in the water, the field is smaller and the rules are disti…

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Beach Woodball

Beach woodball is the sand version of woodball: players strike a wooden ball with a T-shaped mallet along marked sand fairways and through a gate. Scoring is mainly by fewest strokes or fai…

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Beach Wrestling

Beach wrestling is a United World Wrestling discipline on sand. Two athletes compete in a marked sand area for throws, out-of-bounds and control actions; the format is short, easy to read a…

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